Basic of Mobile Phones

Mobile phone or cell phone (usually "mobile phone" or "mobile") is a large distance, portable electronic device used for mobile communiction. Besides the usual features of a telephone rates, today's mobile phones support many additional services such as SMS text mesa aging, email, packet switching for access to the Internet and MMS for sending and receiving photos and video. Most current mobile phones connect to the mobile network base stations (cell sites), which in turn is connected to the telephone network (PSTN) (the exception is satellite phones).

History

Implementation of hexagonal cells for mobile phone base stations, invented in 1947 by engineers from Bell Laboratories, AT & T, developed by Bell Labs during the 1960s radiotelephones long and impressive history since World War II, military use of radio communications and civil services in 1950, while the mobile wireless portable devices are from 1983. Because of its low cost and rapid deployment, mobile networks, as they quickly spread throughout the world, surpassing the growth of fixed telephony.
1945 in the 0G generation of mobile phones. 0G mobile telephones and mobile phones were not officially categorized as mobile phones, because they do not support the automatic change of channel frequency in the middle of the call when the user moves from one station (base station area) to another cell, a feature called "Transfer.

1970 Amos Joel Bell Labs invented the "call-function to get cell phone users to travel in a few cells in the same conversation. Martin Cooper is considered to be the inventor of the first Siemens mobile phone for practical use in the manual. The use of modern, although some Heavy Mobile Cooper from first calls to a mobile phone April 3 1973rd At the time of his call, Cooper, he served as director for Motorola at its Communications Division.

Fully automatic cellular networks were first introduced in the early to mid-1980 (1G generation).The first fully automatic mobile phone of the 1981 Northern Mobile (NMT) system. Before 1990, most mobile phones are too big to carry in your pocket, and usually permanently installed in a vehicle car phones. As miniaturization and smaller digital components, mobile phones got smaller and lighter.

Manufacturers

Nokia Corporation is currently the world's largest manufacturer of mobile phones, including a global market share of around 36% in 1st quarter 2007.Other mobile phone manufacturers include Audiovox (now UT older), Benefon, BenQ-Siemens, High Tech Computer Corporation (HTC), Fujitsu , Kyocera, 3G, LG Mobile, Motorola, NEC, Panasonic (Matsushita Electric), Pantech Curitel, Philips, Research In Motion, Sagem, Samsung, Sanyo, Sharp, Siemens, Sierra Wireless, SK Teletech, Sony Ericsson, T & Samsung, Toshiba , Verizon, and soon Apple Inc. There are also specialist communication systems related to (but different) mobile phones such as Professional Mobile Radio.

Technology

Cell phones and networks operating in very different services and countries. But, all communicating via electromagnetic radio waves from the Base Station Antennas hundredth usually mounted on the tower, pole or building.

Phones are low-transmitter, which transmits voice and data to the nearest cell sites, usually not more than 5 to 8 miles (approximately 8 to 13 kilometers) away. If your phone or mobile device is, it registers the mobile telephone exchange, or switch, with its unique identifier and will be warned to switch cell phone during a call. The phone still waiting for the strongest signal from the surrounding base stations. As a user moves across a network, mobile devices, "Go" to various cell sites during calls or while waiting (Idle) between the challenges of the WTO will be selected.

Mobile sites are relatively low power (often only one or two watts) radio transmitters which broadcast their presence and relay communications between mobile phones and switches.Switch to turn the challenges that are connected to other wireless subscribers in the same office or public telephone network, including wireless networks of other carriers. Many of these areas, masks, mixed with the existing environment, particularly in the high landscape.

Dialogue between the phone and cellular location of a stream of digital data includes digital audio (with the exception of the first generation analog networks). The technology that achieves depends on the system to the mobile operator had. Some techniques include AMPS for analog and D-AMPS, CDMA2000, GSM, GPRS, EV-DO, UMTS and digital communications. Each operator has a unique radio frequency.