Archaeology, archeology, or archæology is the science that studies human cultures through the recovery, documentation and analysis of the remains, hardware and environmental data, including architecture, artifacts, and biofacts, human remains and landscapes. Archaeology objectives are to document and explain the origins and development of human culture, understand the historical culture, cultural evolution of the Chronicle and study the ecology for prehistoric and historical societies and human behavior.See also:
* fossils & ruins
* cultures
* old civilizations
* anthropology
* lost treasure
* human Evolution
* archaeology is regarded as, in the North America among four subfields of anthropology. A modern archaeological project often begins with a survey.
Regional survey is the attempt to systematically find unknown sites previously in a region.
The site survey is the attempt to systematically locate features of interest, such as houses and middens to a site.
Each of these two goals may be achieved with essentially the same methods. Archaeological excavations existed even when the field was still the domain of amateurs, and it remains the source of the majority data retrieved in most field projects.
It may be several types of information usually not accessible to investigations, such as the stratigraphy, three-dimensional structure and previously primary context. Modern excavation techniques require precise locations of objects and functions, known as their provenance or provenience, be registered.
This means always determine their locations sometimes vertical and horizontal position as well.
Similarly, their association, objects and functions, family relationship or must be recorded for later analysis.
This allows the archaeologist to deduct artifacts and features were likely used together and which may be of different phases of activity.
For example, a site excavation reveals its stratigraphy; if a site was occupied by a succession of distinct cultures, artifacts from cultures most recent will lie higher than those of older cultures
Regional survey is the attempt to systematically find unknown sites previously in a region.
The site survey is the attempt to systematically locate features of interest, such as houses and middens to a site.
Each of these two goals may be achieved with essentially the same methods. Archaeological excavations existed even when the field was still the domain of amateurs, and it remains the source of the majority data retrieved in most field projects.
It may be several types of information usually not accessible to investigations, such as the stratigraphy, three-dimensional structure and previously primary context. Modern excavation techniques require precise locations of objects and functions, known as their provenance or provenience, be registered.
This means always determine their locations sometimes vertical and horizontal position as well.
Similarly, their association, objects and functions, family relationship or must be recorded for later analysis.
This allows the archaeologist to deduct artifacts and features were likely used together and which may be of different phases of activity.
For example, a site excavation reveals its stratigraphy; if a site was occupied by a succession of distinct cultures, artifacts from cultures most recent will lie higher than those of older cultures
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