Facts about the human chromosome

Human chromosome DNA that contains the part of all important information about the human essence. A chromosome is, by definition, threadlike element of DNA in the cell nucleus carrying genes, heredity in linear units. Human beings have 22 pairs of chromosomes and a pair of sex chromosomes. In addition to genes, chromosomes also contain regulatory elements and sequences nucleotides. The house of DNA-binding proteins that control the functions of DNA. It is interesting to note that the word chromosome comes from the Greek word for Chrome color. Chromosomes are so named because their properties with multi-colored paint. Structure and nature of the chromosomes varies in different types. Human chromosome is always a topic of interest to researchers working in genetics. A wide range of factors that determine the human chromosomal abnormalities are responsible for and complexity, always ask a lot of interest. Let us see some interesting information on the human chromosome.

Facts about the human chromosome

23 pairs of chromosomes of human cell nuclear. Chromosome contains a DNA molecule containing genes. A molecule consisting of three chromosomal DNA sequences needed for reproduction. About color chromosome, band structure of mitotic chromosomes is obvious. Each tape contains several pairs of nucleotides in DNA.

Human beings are sexual reproduction and somatic cells are diploid with two sets of chromosomes. One which is inherited from the mother and one from the father. Since the body cells, gametes one set of chromosomes. Crossing between chromosomes leads to the creation of a new chromosome. The newly created chromosome is inherited from a parent. This suggests that not all of our shows features derived directly from one of our parents!

There are 24 different human chromosomes, with 22 chromosomes are autosomal and the other two are sex determining chromosomes. The human autosomal chromosomes are numbered 1-22 in descending order of size. "Every person has two sets of 22 chromosomes, X chromosomes from their mother and one X and one Y chromosome from the father.

Inconsistency may contain chromosomes in cells, can cause certain genetic diseases in humans. Chromosomal abnormalities in humans are often responsible for the appearance of genetic disease to their children. Those with chromosomal abnormalities are often entities disorder only, while their children are very suffering.

The chromosomal abnormalities caused by several factors, namely, to eliminate duplication or part of chromosomes, the inversion, which is to reverse the direction of movement of chromosomes or portions of chromosomes pay cut to another chromosome.

Extra copy of chromosome 21 is responsible for the known genetic disorder called Down syndrome. The trisomy of chromosome 18 results in Edwards syndrome, which can cause death in childhood.

The lack of the fifth chromosome lead to a genetic disorder known as "CRI du chat," which means "cry of the cat. The people who are affected by the disorder are shown as cat-cry in the early days and often think retarded.

Malfunctions due to sex chromosome including Turner syndrome, where the female sexual characteristics are present, but developed, Triple-X syndrome is a syndrome xxy boys and girls, both because of dyslexia to the people affected.

Chromosomes were discovered first in plants. Van Beneden monograph on the fertilized eggs of the nematode, leading to further investigations. Later this year, said in August Weismann, the germ cells is different from the body, and discovered that the cell nucleus houses the genetic material. It also suggests that the results of fertilization in a new combination of chromosomes.

These findings are the cornerstone in genetics. Scientists have achieved a sufficient amount of information on human chromosomes and genes, but much to be discovered.